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Showing posts with label hiv science. Show all posts
Showing posts with label hiv science. Show all posts

Illustrated HIV Life Cycle and How to Fight the Virus

Excellent lesson from the excellent AIDSMEDS.COM with helpful diagram and plain English explanations which
1) makes sense of how Protease Inhibitors effect the virus differently from Nucleoside/Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) and so on
2) shows that there are many ways to kill a virus

AIDSmeds.com - The HIV Life Cycle : Introduction


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One more step closer to a cure for hiv. Yay!

I like these stories that are published all the time claiming that we are one step closer to a cure. We have taken so many steps closer to that cure that we must be really close now, let's hope we don't pass one by and leave it behind us. Anyway, this article got my attention because of that "one step closer" statement but I was very disappointed by how vague said step is.

“If we can discover how to make these cells stronger to restore the immune system to its full strength then we are one step closer to finding a cure,” he said.

I am tempted to add my own bit of research:
"If we can discover how to make hiv weaker to prevent new hiv cell production then we are one step closer to finding a cure"

OK I am mocking the platitudes but I will still gratefully accept any cure the guy can discover. Thank you very much.
Full article is here but don't expect too much.
Middle Park expert follows his gut - Health - News - Port Phillip Leader
PS: New game. Make your own 'step-closer'. Just complete the sentence:
"If _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ then we are one step closer to finding a cure."



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Three Years On: The (Other) Berlin Patient is Still HIV-free

It was nice to see Gero Hütter is being honored (full article) for having successfully - and accidentally - cured an American man from HIV. Virus, still gone, three years on.

Gero Hütter is the German physician from Berlin who performed a bone marrow transplant to treat a patient's leukemia and cured both of the patient's conditions. Who knew leukemia (treatment) could have this kind of upside?
Via positivelypositive.ca
  • Skynews Video



  • NTD world News



  • Associated Press







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That virus is a pussycat

From Oddee.com 15 Failed Predictions about the Future

Dr Peter Duesberg declares
That virus is a pussycat.
Although far from being incompetent, Duesberg gets it wrong this time.



For your reading list, keep a critical mind as always:

Infectious AIDS : Have We Been Misled? (1995 before triple therapies)


Elizabeth Pisani: Sex, drugs and HIV -- let's get rational | Video on TED.com



The Wisdom of Whores: Bureaucrats, Brothels, and the Business of AIDS
Excellent talk about how politics and policy-making influence the rational decisions we make which lead to the spread of Hiv/Aids. Told with humour, striking slides, data and anecdotes by Dr Elizabeth Pisani, author of The Wisdom of Whores.

Here's a quote from her talk which made me laugh:
"If there are two things that make people irrational they are erections and addiction."

Here's another one, aimed at the Pope, addressing the Church's concern that condoms lead to promiscuity.
"I've got news for you Benedict, I carry condoms all the time and I never get laid!"
You will appreciate both a lot more if you watch the actual TED video:
Elizabeth Pisani: Sex, drugs and HIV -- let's get rational | Video on TED.com

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    Fight AIDS at home

    Science iconImage via Wikipedia
    Help scientific research into hiv/aids by sharing the processing power of your humble computer during downtime.
    FightAIDS@Home is now a project on the World Community Grid . This means more benefits for our Members. For example, you will be able to see your Member statistics, create and join teams with other members, and participate in discussion forums .
    Being part of World Community Grid is simple -- and the software is free, secure, and will not affect how you use your computer!

    Joining FightAIDS@Home is easy!
    FightAIDS@Home - Download

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    HIV Denialism: Like Pissing in Your Pants

    Denialism = Death.Image by bse303 via Flickr

    Thanks to the blogger at Denying Aids who used trackback in my previous and drew attention to his blog. I can not resist linking back to the quote which appears on his site.
    “What mattered to me as person living with HIV was to be told that HIV did not cause AIDS. That was nice. Of course, it was like printing money when the economy is not doing well. Or pissing in your pants when the weather is too cold. Comforting for a while but disastrous in the long run.” Winstone Zulu, Zambian AIDS Activist and former denialist
    This sums up 200% my personal experience and attitude. I was diagnosed in 2006. Utterly shocked, the day after I was given my diagnosis/sentence (the staff were horrible to deal with) I scoured the internet looking for answers: how bad will I get and how quickly? how many years had I left? (The answer was ten years but it's been 13 already without a hint of a problem).

    Then I stumbled upon Duesberg who planted the seed of doubt in my mind. HIV does not cause AIDS, other factors may cause AIDS. While among all the crap there are still bits of information that are useful to have learnt from this (I have not been anywhere near poppers in all those years!), I have no doubt that HIV kills EVEN if you don't want to call the resulting condition AIDS.

    Proof that HIV KILLS even if you don't call that AIDS?
    Christine Maggiore: AIDS Denialist dies of... wait for it... AIDS

    Nevertheless. Duesberg at the time gave me hope and that day I decided that there was an alternative to jumping under a train and that I could live a life combatting the virus and the perception people have of the virus.


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    A Pill to Prevent HIV

    The story of a Pill to Prevent HIVis reported by ABC News among others.
    Is it just me or does it sound like a dangerous waste of time?
    To me it sounds like

    1) that pill sounds dangerous in itself (and we will try it on people to see exactly how bad it is)
    2) it is going to be impossible to measure the actual effectiveness of the pill.

    I could go around and give HIV negative people sugared watered for five years and wait to see how many people got HIV. Statistically, it will be either the same, more than or less than the average. But if I administer it to people (as reported in the article) who have remained negative for many years and they remain negative, exactly how much will the pill have contributed to their alleged reinforced resistance to HIV.

    Plain criminal, as with all trials, that's what it sounds like to me.

    AIDS Denialist dies of... wait for it... AIDS

    AIDS denialist Christine Maggiore dies of AIDS at the age of 51. Let's hope nobody else dies as a result of her wreckless denialism!
    Maggiore had long been a controversial figure, particularly following the death of her 3-year-old daughter, Eliza Jane Scovill, in May 2005. The Los Angeles County coroner concluded that Eliza Jane had died of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia as a result of untreated AIDS. Maggiore had not taken medication to reduce the risk of transmission of HIV to her daughter during pregnancy, and she did not have Eliza Jane tested for HIV during her daughter's lifetime. A veterinary toxicologist (and AIDS denialist retained by Maggiore to review the autopsy report disagreed with the coroner's conclusion, stating that he believed Eliza Jane's death was due to an allergic reaction to amoxicillin.


    Taken from Wikipedia: Christine_Maggiore

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    Miracle HIV Cure: Bone Marrow Transplant!

    geliebt in berlinImage by Scoobay via FlickrI was looking for something to do with my new year's eve, browsing for ideas when checking what is going on in Berlin at that time of year brought me to this article Bone Marrow Transplant Cures Man of HIV in which we learn about the unusual case of a person with hiv who no longer has hiv following, well, a bone marrow transplant.


    Sounds promising, although the person in question was being treated for leukaemia, so in a way makes you think - maybe I am not doing so bad with just hiv!


    See related links below as well!

    Now there are quite a few unknowns:
    • nothing tells us that the bone marrow transplant did it - perhaps it just happened at the same time but something else killed the virus... like the leukaemia treatment?
    • also I still don't know what i am doing with my new year's eve 
    • but I know what I am asking Santa this Christmas: the cure!
    Would you volunteer for an experimental treatment even if you were not sure what the outcome might be and you ended worse off than you started?

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    People who beat HIV!

    There has been interest in the subject of people who beat hiv. Yes, there have been a few who baffle science. Here are the ones I can think of, in no particular order. All facts are from memory, but I enclose links with more accurate information!

    Andrew Stimpson


    A young Scottish guy who tested positive and then tested negative again in 2002. His boyfriend at the time was hiv-positive, I seem to remember, and so baffled doctors explained he must have developed immunity from that. I believe Andrew did not agree to undergo further tests which would have made some light over that mystery and maybe helped find a cure or an explanation. Well done, Andrew! Here are some top links about Andrew if you want to make your own research.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Stimpson
    http://www.avert.org/stimpson.htm
    http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4432564.stm
    http://aidsblog.blogspot.com/2005/11/analysis-what-andrew-stimpson-case.html

    Tommy Morrison

    The great boxer was diagnosed with hiv in 1996 (Same year as me!) and always proclaimed that the diagnosis was rubbish. Then in 2007 he was hiv-negative again!! He always resisted treatments and denounced them vehemently. Tommy Morrison also claimed that the hiv+ diagnosis was a way his opponents found to keep him off the boxing ring. Well done, Tommy!Pity, I don't know if there was a follow-up to his status reversal by doctors... but I am sure he doesn't care. What a fine looking fighting machine!
    http://sports.espn.go.com/sports/boxing/news/story?id=2772386
    http://www.africaresource.com/rasta/sesostris-the-great-the-egyptian-hercules/tommy-morrison-fights-again-pt-1-the-inconsistencies-of-hivaids-theory/
    www.sugarshanemosley.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=123
    http://i-quit-hiv.blogspot.com/2007_02_01_archive.htm

    The Berlin Patient

    This anonymous patient lives is from Berlin, Germany. In 1995-1996 he was hiv-positive and got started on anti-retrovirals. Then, against his doctor's advice, stopped his treatment. Surprisingly, his viral load which had been very high previously, remained at zero - Hiv couldn't be found in his blood or his lymph (the place where hiv hides and is very difficult to eradicate). Apparently, the Berlin patient is still hiv-positive (traces of the virus are found in his body) but his body keeps the hiv under control. Well done, Berlin patient!
    http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=health&res=9B07E3DE153DF932A15755C0A96E958260
    http://www.ascp.com/publications/tcp/1999/aug/healthtrends.shtml (html does not display properly but infornation is good if you have the patience to read between the tags)


    They are the only people who beat hiv I can think of. Of course, I'm adding myself to the list - as soon as possible. In a way, I beat it already since I was told I would be dead by 2006 and I still haven't even got slightly sick (it's 2007 as I write) and that's good enough proof, methinks! I hope you found the above recollections helpful if you were looking for information about people who beat hiv!

    AIDS kills less: HIV death statistics

    AIDS kills less, that's good news to me. I knew it but this morning, to alleviate a sudden concern that my three-week-long cold might be the death of me, I decided to enquire. My method is not very scientific: I googled it: 'causes of death in hiv people'

    Out pops this article from the Annals of Internal Medicine (I have no idea who they are but sounds official enough): Causes of Death in People with AIDS in New York City between 1999 and 2004 -- 145 (6): I-49 -- Annals of Internal Medicine. And now I am confused by their writing.

    OK, the good news is that I am less likely to die of AIDS than if I had been diagnosed pre-HAART.

    Before the availability and widespread use of HAART, people with AIDS usually died of an infection or cancer that was related to HIV infection. With HAART, fewer people with AIDS die of these conditions. They live longer and eventually die of causes that are unrelated to HIV infection.
    The authors state 'HIV causes AIDS.' OK, so far I can follow. So then, when someone with AIDS (that's serious already a condition), the researchers looked at their death certificate to see what killed them. This is where I get confused: some of them died of HIV-related causes. Some others died of non-HIV related causes.

    I am trying to understand the difference between a HIV-related cause and AIDS. I don't get it. I don't get it at all. Could HIV be the cause of anything else than AIDS? So 'HIV causes AIDS' and 'HIV causes other stuff' are two valid statements. I don't think that is what the authors meant, and I become a wee bit concerned.

    OK, I can visualise a non HIV-related cause of death: murder, electrocution, being run over by a bus, strangling yourself to death (as part of erotic play or as a suicide)... but I can not visualise a HIV related cause of death other than being one of the many diseases defining AIDS.

    Under the heading 'Who was analyzed?' the authors explain,
    68,669 people with AIDS 13 years of age or older who were reported to the New York City HIV/AIDS Reporting System and Vital Statistics Registry between 1999 and 2004.


    Now that is a strange choice of population because... take PML for instance. If you are diagnosed as having AIDS because you have HIV and exhibit signs of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) then you would think that the PML would kill you rather than a non-hiv related cause, like measles, murder etc.

    Over at Aids.about.com, I verified that "AIDS is a classification assigned to someone who has been diagnosed with the most serious opportunistic infections and illnesses." Well, they are not that serious illnesses if something else can come and kill you.

    Am I nit-picking? Somebody help! Suddenly my three-week-old cold becomes threatening again.

    AIDS Denialists: What is their motivation?

    AIDS Denialists: What is their motivation?
    This is a difficult question. I have no idea what drives irrational beliefs. Here are some conjectures:
    * Perhaps the AIDS deniers are racist. Most of the lives lost to this nonsense were in Africa. The president of South Africa, Thabo Mbeki, was for years influenced by the AIDS deniers before adopting the scientific view. Maybe the AIDS deniers want to maximize the death toll in Africa.
    * Perhaps the AIDS deniers are homophobic. Their policies may be crafted to kill as many homosexuals as possible.
    * Perhaps the AIDS deniers are religious fundamentalists. They may believe that AIDS is God's just punishment for recreational drug use, homosexual intercourse, illicit sex, etc., and scientists should not intervene in God's plan. * Perhaps the AIDS deniers are hoaxers. They don't really believe what they preach; they just want to see how many people they can fool, how many scientists they can irritate, and how many times they can get their names on the web.
    * Perhaps the AIDS deniers are eugenicists. They may be trying to improve humanity by ridding the planet of the most gullible people, the very folks who take their advice.


    Nicely put.

    AIDS Is a syndrome and not an illness, which strictly means that it is not 'caused' by a virus but is a manifestation concurrent to the virus (syn-drome from the Greek: to run along with, as con-current in Latin: to run along with). That's why I don't like the accepted phrase that hiv causes aids - hiv is a virus, when it is present with a specific illness the two together are called aids.

    Strangely AIDS is defined differently in the US and in Europe.

    Those are the details, the lack of clarity in the details that annoy me about both denialists and people who recite 'hiv causes aids.' The former are quick to ignore that people are dying of something, while the shortcut of the latter is too simplistic.

    Be still my beating HAART

    Definitions of HAART on the Web:


    • Highly active antiretroviral therapy. Treatment for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection that uses a combination of several antiretroviral drugs. The drugs inhibit the ability of the virus to multiply in the body, and they slow down the development of AIDS. Via www.stjude.org/glossary.

    • Combination therapy against HIV, which typically includes three drugs from at least two different classes. Via www.amfar.org/cgi-bin/iowa/bridge.html.

    • Combination anti-HIV therapy, usually involving a protease inhibitor. Combinations of drugs have been found to be highly suppressive of HIV, and this strategy helps delay or avoid the development of treatment-resistant viral mutants. Via www.thebody.com/hivnews/aidscare/dec97/pullout.html.

    • stands for highly active antiretroviral therapy. HAART refers to the combination of HIV medications currently used to treat HIV. HAART does not cure HIV but can reduce the level of HIV in the body to very low levels and prevent destruction of the immune system. In order for the medications to remain effective, medications need to be taken as directed by your doctor. (See "resistance") Via depts.washington.edu/madclin/patients/glossary.html.

    • highly active antiretroviral therapy, a term for aggressive anti-HIV treatment. Also known as ART, ARV and HART. Via cas.umkc.edu/psyc/motiv8/glossary.htm.

    • drug cocktail: a combination of protease inhibitors taken with reverse transcriptase inhibitors; used in treating AIDS and HIV. Via wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn.

    • Antiretroviral drugs are medications for the treatment of infection by the retrovirus HIV. Different antiretroviral drugs act at various stages of the HIV life cycle. Various combinations of three or four drugs are known as HAART or Highly Active Anti Retroviral Therapy. Via en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HAART.


    HIV News Today

    In HIV news today, please note:

    Singer George Michael (44) "hasn't had a test since at least 2004 due to his fears it might be positive."
    Via RTE.ie Entertainment

    A new class of HIV drug, integrase inhibitors, is introduced with a speedy FDA review.
    Via Reuters.com

    It's back to square one as a study of the depletion of T cells indicates that we've got it wrong about hiv.
    Via ABC.net.au

    Andrew Sullivan asks whether fear would have been more effective weapon against the spread of hiv.
    Via Daily Dish

    What is drug resistance?


    What is drug resistance?

    When a drug no longer works to suppress a virus or microorganism, we call it "drug resistance."

    How does HIV becomes drug-resistant?

    Hiv is an antiretrovirus, it is known to 'mutate' over time and adapt to its environment. While treatment is still effective and destroys cells with the old form of the virus, new forms mutate and develop which are able to multiply in the presence of the drug.

    Why does it matter to me?

    If your hiv becomes resistant to a drug, then you will have to switch to another drug, class of drugs or change treatement altogether. There are many combinations available nowadays, so there is no reason to panic!

    What can I do?

    Compliance is important. Being compliant means following the doctor's prescription and in particular not skipping doses (if you have side effects or problems with compliance, discuss with your doctor who may be able to find a treatment better suited to your needs).

    I always follow my doctor's orders to the letter. /Three times daily' means spacing pills evenly throughout the day (i.e. every 8 hours because 3 x 8 hours = 24 hours, which in fact means 8 a.m., 4 p.m and midnight). I respect the times religiously because if the amount of drugs in my bloodstream becomes too low, then the virus becomes more able to mutate.

    Resources

    HIV Gets In The Rear

    The funny folks at queerty explain in layman's terms the way the virus preserves its host cell while purging its junk material.



    Read the article

    Super Healthy Aids Patients

    One Quarter of AIDS Patients Now Die From Other Causes was the conclusion of a September 06 study by the New York Department of Health and Mental Hygiene.



    The results came as a comparison of statistics for the period 1999 to 2004 and are, indeed, encouraging.



    On the one hand it seems to say that treatments work better (or from a dissident point of view that less deadly medications cause death).



    On the other hand it is quite sad to read what HIV/AIDS patients die of these days instead of AIDS: 76% drugs of the non-medical kind. The remaining is made up mostly of cardiovascular disease and cancers.



    VIRIP = Next HIV cure?

    Slashdot report on the new findings of a team of researchers at the University of Ulm, Germany who identified a new molecule in the fight against hiv. VIRIP, the virus-inhibitory peptide, is found in human blood.

    Tweaks to its amino acid components boosted its anti-HIV potency by two orders of magnitude. Tests also showed that some derivatives of the molecule are highly stable in human blood plasma, and non-toxic even at very high concentrations.
    That it is non-toxic is great news but as slusich points out in a comment, how many times have we heard of new, miracle molecules being discovered, cures promised in the next few years? As time passes and we never hear of those wonderful discoveries, we get disappointed and see more of our friends dying.



    The bad news now is that VIRIP is costly and will need to be injected. Besides, it may take years before an effective treatment can be developed from this discovery.



    In the meantime, I bet you that the shares for IPF PharmaCeuticals GmbH, the company responsible for developing VIRIP, jumped today! Their slogan is Peptides for Life. Cute!



    References



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